The Department of Nephrology at Shanghai Children's Medical Center is primarily engaged in clinical care, teaching, and research for various pediatric kidney diseases. The scope of diagnosis and treatment covers primary and secondary glomerular diseases in children, including primary nephrotic syndrome, post-infectious glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, primary membranous nephropathy, Henoch-Schönlein purpura and purpura nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis, as well as various congenital hereditary kidney diseases caused by genetic disorders such as Alport syndrome, renal tubular acidosis, and Bartter syndrome. Additionally, it addresses conditions like pediatric urinary tract infections, hypertension, and hyperuricemia. The department has accumulated extensive clinical experience in managing difficult and critical cases, such as refractory nephrotic syndrome, severe lupus, complex urinary tract infections in infants, vasculitis syndrome, thrombotic microangiopathy, and macrophage activation syndrome, establishing comprehensive diagnostic protocols and standardized treatment plans. The Department of Nephrology at Shanghai Children's Medical Center maintains close exchanges and collaborative relationships with the nephrology departments of renowned institutions in the United States, including Boston Children's Hospital and Cincinnati Children's Hospital. Several physicians have undergone medium- to long-term professional training abroad, mastering the latest international developments and technologies in the field, and have played an outstanding role in diagnosing and treating rare and complex cases. Current academic appointments of department members include: Vice Chair of the Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Member of the Immunology Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Standing Committee Member of the Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology Professional Committee of the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Member of the National Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Group, Member of the Rheumatology Society of the Shanghai Medical Association, Member of the Rheumatology and Immunology Physician Branch of the Shanghai Medical Doctor Association, Member of the Shanghai Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Rheumatology Society, Member of the Rare Disease Branch of the Shanghai Medical Association, Vice Chair of the Renal Professional Group of the Shanghai Pediatric Branch, and Member of the Renal Professional Group of the Shanghai Pediatric Branch.