The Heart Center of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, is a National Key Discipline, a key construction discipline under the National "211 Project," a "Top Priority" construction unit of the Shanghai Clinical Medical Center, a Shanghai Leading Medical Discipline, and a Shanghai Key Medical Discipline. The predecessor of the Heart Center at Shanghai Children's Medical Center was developed based on the pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgery departments of Shanghai Xinhua Hospital. As early as the early 1970s, Professor Ding Wenxiang and other senior experts pioneered the establishment of the pediatric cardiovascular discipline in China. Through the efforts of several generations, it has become the largest and most internationally influential center for the diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease in children in China. Currently, the number of open-heart surgeries exceeds 3,700 cases per year (for patients under 16 years old), and cardiac catheterization and interventional procedures exceed 1,500 cases per year, making it one of the highest-volume institutions globally for cardiac surgeries, catheterizations, and interventional treatments. The department boasts a complete and renowned team of professionals in surgery, perfusion, intensive care, and nursing, including 21 medical staff members with associate senior titles or above, 4 doctoral supervisors, and 13 master's supervisors. The discipline has consistently focused on neonates, complex congenital heart disease, minimally invasive thoracic surgery, and minimally invasive cardiac surgery as its primary directions, performing surgical treatments for various complex congenital heart diseases in infants and children. Since its establishment, the discipline has prioritized breakthroughs in advanced medical key technologies, pioneering in China procedures such as arterial switch operations, double-switch operations, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair, and one-stage correction of congenital heart disease combined with airway stenosis. Currently, surgeries for complex congenital heart disease and congenital heart disease in patients under 1 year old account for over 60% of the total. The youngest patient was 2 hours old at the time of surgery, setting domestic records for the lowest body weight and youngest age. The overall surgical success rate exceeds 98%, and over 200 staged surgeries for functional single ventricle are performed annually. Over the past 40 years, more than 50,000 congenital heart disease surgeries have been performed, ranking first globally among children's hospitals in terms of annual congenital heart disease surgical volume. Neonatal open-heart surgeries exceed 200 cases annually, leading internationally in both quantity and quality. As the only designated "National Training Base for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease" and "Continuing Education Training Base for Cardiovascular Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment" by the Ministry of Health among children's specialty hospitals in China, the Heart Center has provided professional training to cardiovascular technical personnel from 227 hospitals nationwide (including 61 children's hospitals), totaling over 912 person-times. The majority of key cardiovascular professionals with the capability to perform over 500 congenital heart disease surgeries, including those from Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Guangdong, have received training at this center, making significant contributions to the comprehensive advancement of pediatric cardiovascular disciplines in China. Additionally, this institution is a leading academic unit in the field of translational medicine for pediatric cardiovascular diseases, with over 10 national-level research projects annually, research funding exceeding 20 million RMB, and more than 20 SCI-indexed publications per year, including articles in prestigious cardiovascular journals such as *Circulation*, *JTCVS*, and *Annals of Thoracic Surgery*. As a result, it has received two National Science and Technology Progress Awards and two First Prizes of the Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award.