**Department of Thoracic Oncology I** was established in 1995. It is a research-oriented clinical specialty with a profound foundation, heritage, and continuous development, focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of thoracic tumors. For many years, it has been dedicated to standardized, individualized medical treatment, multidisciplinary comprehensive therapy, and related translational research for lung cancer. The department consistently integrates the latest international clinical trial and translational research progress with clinical practice, formulating and optimizing standardized treatment plans for advanced lung cancer. Particularly in the past decade, it has actively explored and achieved remarkable results in targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and multidisciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, with its international and domestic influence continuously increasing. **Mature and Stable Research Directions:** The Department of Thoracic Oncology I closely monitors frontier issues in the field of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment research. Its main research directions focus on molecular markers in tumor tissue and peripheral blood that predict the efficacy and prognosis of chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, laying a solid foundation for achieving individualized treatment. The department was among the first internationally to conduct large-sample studies on EGFR gene mutation detection in peripheral blood. It has innovatively explored the relationship between intratumoral microbiota and tumor development and treatment efficacy, and investigated predictive models in peripheral blood and mechanisms of resistance for lung cancer immunotherapy. Research findings have been published in top-tier international oncology journals such as *Cell Host & Microbe*, *The Lancet Respiratory Medicine*, and *Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy*. Some results have been applied to guide individualized clinical treatment. **Multidisciplinary Comprehensive Treatment:** Our department collaborates with thoracic surgery, radiation oncology, pathology, radiology, and nuclear medicine departments to conduct multidisciplinary lung cancer collaboration at our hospital. The team adheres to the spirit of dedicated cooperation and the philosophy of maximizing patient benefits, insisting on weekly multidisciplinary rounds and joint consultations. Through nearly a decade of effort and practice, we have established a system for multidisciplinary rounds and joint expert consultations for thoracic tumors. We implement a patient transfer diagnosis and treatment model based on discipline, staging, and condition, providing thousands of patients with the best treatment plans based on evidence-based medicine and the highest quality medical services, enabling them to achieve the best possible survival and quality of life. Concurrently, we have successfully hosted numerous international and domestic academic activities, disseminating the concept of multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment nationwide. These efforts have brought significant benefits to a large number of patients. **Integration with International Standards:** The Department of Thoracic Oncology I undertakes dozens of large-scale international multicenter clinical trials for new drugs, including the latest clinical studies on molecular targeted agents, immunotherapies, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Aligning with international advanced levels, this allows some patients to receive potentially the most promising and cutting-edge drugs and treatment modalities at the earliest opportunity. **Talent Cultivation and Achievements:** Over the years, the Department of Thoracic Oncology I has trained over a hundred postdoctoral fellows, doctoral and master's degree students, academic leaders, and visiting physicians. It persistently holds training courses for graduate students and visiting physicians, regularly conducting various forms of seminars on the fundamentals of medical oncology, clinical diagnosis and treatment standards, domestic and international research frontiers, and international hot topics. The department leads research projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation. **High-Quality Nursing Team:** The Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology was the earliest ward in the Peking University Health Science Center system to adopt a holistic nursing model. While continuously innovating, striving for progress, and working to improve the quality of medical care, the team places great emphasis on communication and interaction with patients and their families. With a down-to-earth and persistent approach, they implement high-quality nursing care, creating a trustworthy and supportive haven for patients.