The Department of Neurology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University was established in 1971. In 2009, it became a training base for neurological specialists designated by the Ministry of Health. In 2012, it was recognized as a key clinical specialty in Guangdong Province. In 2018, it became the lead unit of the Guangdong Provincial Committee for Neurological Difficult Diseases. In 2020, it was approved as a National Advanced Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders. In 2021, it was designated as a high-level key construction specialty in Guangzhou and the lead unit of the Guangdong Provincial Committee for Functional Repair of Neurological Diseases. The department also houses the Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders and was nominated among the top neurology departments nationwide in 2020 and 2021. The department currently has 7 professors/chief physicians, an academician workstation, and has specially appointed Academician Zhuo Min of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Professor Ren Yi of Florida State University, and 5 overseas flexibly introduced professors. It also boasts clinical subspecialty leaders including Chief Physician Li Shaoming, Deputy Director Mo Mingshu, Chief Physician Wu Zhuohua, and Professor Tian Zuojun, who drive the innovation system and clinical diagnosis and treatment capacity building in neurology. The department is constructing a Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Neurological Medical Center integrating clinical diagnosis and treatment technology innovation, academic exchange, talent cultivation, and international cooperation. After more than 40 years of development, the department has gradually formed a neurological treatment system characterized by early diagnosis and differential diagnosis technology for PD (internationally leading), plasma filtration treatment technology (internationally leading), neurogenetic disease diagnosis technology (domestically advanced), cerebrovascular disease interventional treatment technology, stereotactic brain technology, deep brain electrode implantation, and neurological rehabilitation treatment technology. In terms of research and education, the department has enrolled 15 master's students, 6 doctoral students, and 11 postdoctoral fellows. As a national drug clinical trial professional base, it has undertaken 26 clinical drug trial projects and 3 clinical medical device trial projects, as well as 11 National Natural Science Foundation projects and 43 various levels of research funds, with total research funding exceeding 35 million yuan. It has published 98 high-level SCI research papers and obtained 7 national invention patents. Professor Xu Pingyi (Level II), Director of the Department of Neurology, received the 2018 Outstanding Chinese Neurologist-Academic Achievement Award, the First Prize of the Ministry of Health Science and Technology Progress Award (first completer), the First Prize of the Guangdong Provincial Health Science and Technology Progress Award (first completer), and the Second Prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award (second completer). He serves as an editorial board member of the national medical graduate textbook "Introduction to Medical Scientific Research," as well as on the editorial boards of the "Chinese Journal of Neurology" and 5 international SCI journals, with the highest impact factor journal, Translational Neurodegeneration, having an impact factor of 8.13.