The Department of Anorectal Surgery at Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University (formerly the First Military Medical University), was established in 1970. With strong technical expertise, it is one of the leading anorectal specialty hospitals in the Guangdong region. Former department director Zhang Zhenren served as the first president of the Guangdong Anorectal Society and chairman of the Guangdong Anorectal Professional Committee, leading and organizing medical care, teaching, research, and academic exchanges in the field of anorectal medicine in Guangdong, contributing significantly to the development of anorectal academic endeavors in the region. Currently, our department boasts young professors with master's and doctoral degrees in integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine anorectal specialties from the Guangdong region, who have over thirty years of experience in anorectal surgery and possess extensive theoretical knowledge. It also includes physicians at various levels who have matured under the guidance of academic leaders. Our department has long been responsible for the clinical internships, rotations, and training of physicians and nursing students from the First Clinical College of Southern Medical University (Nanfang Hospital), fully leveraging the advantages of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in medical care, teaching, and research. The anorectal department at our hospital primarily focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of benign anorectal diseases, including hemorrhoids, anal fistulas, anal fissures, hypertrophic anal papillae, anal cryptitis, proctitis, perianal abscesses, and foreign bodies in the anus. It has also accumulated extensive experience in the early diagnosis of rectal cancer. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the anorectal department, like other disciplines, has achieved rapid development. The emergence of new medical devices (e.g., staplers) and biomaterials has led to breakthroughs in minimally invasive techniques for hemorrhoids and anal fistulas. Additionally, the intersection of anorectal surgery with other disciplines (e.g., general surgery, gastroenterology, urology, gynecology, hematology, and plastic surgery) has become broader and deeper, driving advancements in anorectal surgical techniques and treatments. Since the minimally invasive technique PPH (Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids) for treating hemorrhoids was introduced in China in July 2000, our department promptly adopted this new technology, becoming one of the early adopters in the country. Modified PPH for treating giant hemorrhoids has achieved good results with less pain, better efficacy, and no recurrence. Additionally, in the second half of 2013, our department introduced Tissue-Selective Therapy (TST), which maximizes the preservation of normal anal cushion tissue, resulting in even less postoperative pain and faster recovery. Currently, our department can flexibly select various minimally invasive treatment methods (e.g., sclerotherapy, ligation, PPH, TST, etc.) for individualized treatment based on the specific condition of the patient's hemorrhoids. With the emergence of biomaterials such as fibrin glue and anal fistula plugs, minimally invasive treatment for anal fistulas has become a research focus and hotspot. However, due to high costs and high postoperative recurrence rates, this approach is still in the early stages of exploration and research. We will closely monitor and actively participate in related work. Our department has actively explored and innovated in preserving the anorectal ring for the treatment of high complex anal fistulas and recurrent anal fistulas after surgery. We have made bold modifications by preserving the anorectal ring and performing external drainage, achieving significant results in protecting anal sphincter function and improving cure rates. This breaks the traditional practice of placing setons through the anorectal ring for high anal fistulas, protects the anorectal ring and anal sphincter function, and achieves satisfactory outcomes. This has garnered significant attention from peers and greatly improved patient satisfaction.