Interventional radiology is a rapidly developing discipline that emerged in the early 1980s, integrating medical imaging and clinical therapeutics. It is characterized by simplicity, safety, effectiveness, minimal invasiveness, and fewer complications. Currently, it is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, urinary, and skeletal systems, becoming the third major clinical discipline alongside internal medicine and surgery. It is also referred to as interventional medicine when combined with other imaging-guided minimally invasive treatments. The Department of Interventional Therapy at Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University (formerly the First Military Medical University) is one of the earliest departments in China to carry out interventional techniques. It is authorized by the Ministry of Education as a postdoctoral, doctoral, and master's degree training site. The department has independent interventional wards, interventional operating rooms, interventional outpatient clinics, and an interventional training base, making it a large comprehensive interventional diagnosis and treatment center integrating medical care, research, and teaching. It currently has 21 beds, admits nearly 1,000 patients annually, and performs over 2,000 surgeries per year. Patients come not only from the local province and city but also from across the country seeking treatment. The treatment techniques and levels of care provided by this department are mostly at an advanced level. The department boasts a highly qualified team and excellent equipment. It has more than 20 medical and nursing professionals, including 2 with senior professional titles, 4 with associate senior titles, 3 with intermediate titles, and 14 with junior titles. Among the 7 physicians in the department, 1 is a doctoral supervisor, 3 are master's supervisors, and 5 hold doctoral degrees. The academic leader, Professor Li Yanhao, is a nationally renowned expert who has served as a member of the Interventional Group of the Chinese Society of Radiology for four terms, Honorary Chairman of the Guangdong Interventional Physicians Association, and Vice Chairman of the Guangdong Interventional Group. Four physicians in the department have received interventional training in the United States and Italy. The department is equipped with advanced medical devices, including 2 flat-panel DSA machines and 2 ozone generators, with total equipment value exceeding 18 million RMB. Based on the difficult and key issues in clinical practice, the department has conducted extensive scientific research. In the past five years, it has published over 40 articles in Chinese medical journals and 6 SCI articles. It has authored 6 monographs on interventional radiology and contributed to the national unified textbook "Interventional Radiology." It has received a total of 10 research projects, including the National Natural Science Foundation of China, sub-projects of national key research projects (the Ninth and Tenth Five-Year Plans), sub-projects of Guangdong Province key research projects, Guangdong Province research projects, and the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation. It has won 11 awards, including 4 second-class military awards, 1 third-class military award, 1 second-class Chinese Medical Award, 1 first-class Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award (in collaboration with Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital), and 1 third-class award for the 10th Guangdong Natural Science Outstanding Paper. It has trained 30 master's students and 15 doctoral students, and has accepted 52 visiting scholars from across the country. The department has conducted in-depth research on interventional diagnosis and treatment of various solid tumors, cirrhotic portal hypertension, Budd-Chiari syndrome, intervertebral disc herniation, vascular/gastrointestinal/biliary strictures, vascular malformations, aortic dissection and abdominal aortic aneurysm, and retained metallic foreign bodies in deep soft tissues. **Various Solid Tumors:** The interventional diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant solid tumors and their complications are at an advanced level. Adhering to the concept of personalized and comprehensive tumor treatment, the department combines arterial chemoembolization or regular intra-arterial chemotherapy with chemical ablation, radiofrequency ablation, and immunotherapy for malignant solid tumors such as primary liver cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer, cervical cancer, and liver metastases, achieving good results. The interventional techniques developed by the department—percutaneous intravascular catheter port system implantation and percutaneous chemical ablation of solid tumors—have played a significant role in tumor treatment and have been widely promoted nationwide. For tumor-induced strictures such as gastrointestinal, biliary, or vena cava strictures, stent placement is used to reconstruct anatomical structures and restore physiological functions. For tumor-related bleeding, arterial embolization is employed for hemostasis. The department has conducted five provincial-level or higher research projects on malignant solid tumors and has won three second-class provincial/ministerial medical achievement awards. The use of pingyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion for treating benign solid tumors such as hepatic hemangiomas and uterine fibroids has been promoted nationwide and has become the mainstream treatment for these conditions. This research achievement won the third-class Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award. **Portal Hypertension:** Interventional treatment of portal hypertension is the department's most distinctive specialty. Based on the causes of portal hypertension, Professor Li Yanhao classified it into portal venous type, hepatic venous type, sinusoidal type, and arteriovenous type. Based on this classification, a comprehensive set of interventional treatment methods suitable for each type of portal hypertension has been established. The department's proposed classification of Budd-Chiari syndrome, the TIPSS elastic channel theory, and covered stent placement are significant for guiding the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome, preventing hepatic encephalopathy after TIPSS for cirrhotic portal hypertension, and preventing TIPSS shunt channel stenosis. Professor Li Yanhao is an outstanding representative in this field. See specialized diseases for details. **Intervertebral Disc Herniation:** Lumbar disc herniation is a common and frequently occurring disease. Research data indicate that 50–60% of people experience low back and leg pain at some point in their lives, with a population incidence of approximately 15% for lumbar disc herniation. The department has developed a unique minimally invasive treatment system for disc herniation, including ozone therapy, aspiration, annulus fibrosus repair, and nerve ablation, making it a national center for interventional treatment of disc diseases. The representative figure, Professor He Xiaofeng, currently serves as an executive member of the World Federation of Ozone Therapy (WFOOT), a reviewer for the International Journal of Ozone Therapy, and Chairman of the Ozone Therapy Professional Committee of the Chinese Branch of the World Pain Physicians Association. In 2000, he studied in Italy and introduced ozone therapy technology, pioneering ozone treatment for disc herniation in China. **Retained Metallic Foreign Bodies in Deep Soft Tissues:** Retained metallic foreign bodies in the body are clinically common. Those located deep beneath the subcutaneous tissue in soft tissues can shift with body position changes and muscle contractions, making surgical removal time-consuming, traumatic, and prone to complications, sometimes even unsuccessful. The department first successfully used X-ray-guided percutaneous sheath forceps extraction of metallic foreign bodies. To date, it has removed metallic foreign bodies from various sites in over 100 patients, with 10 patients having more than 100 foreign bodies each. Two cases of subcutaneous mercury foreign bodies in children were successfully removed using this method, with no similar reports found in the literature. **Vascular Malformations:** Including capillary malformations or microvenous malformations, venous malformations, and arteriovenous malformations. The department has established a systematic approach to treatment based on the type of vascular malformation. Pingyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion and foam sclerotherapy are characteristic techniques for treating these conditions. See specialized diseases for details. **Uterine Fibroids:** See specialized diseases. **Common Diseases Diagnosed and Treated by the Department:** **Tumor Diseases** Malignant Tumors: Liver cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, cervical cancer, liver metastases, vertebral metastases, and multiple myeloma. Benign Tumors: Hepatic hemangioma, uterine fibroids, adrenal tumors. **Vascular Diseases** Peripheral arterial stenosis/occlusion, such as lower limb ischemic pain and claudication caused by iliac-femoral artery stenosis. Aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm. Renal artery/transplant renal artery stenosis. Subclavian artery, carotid artery, vertebral artery, or intracranial artery stenosis. Aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, and arteriovenous fistulas in various body parts. Arterial thrombosis/arterial embolism in various body parts. Deep vein thrombosis. Acute pulmonary embolism. Superior/inferior vena cava stenosis. Budd-Chiari syndrome. **Vertebral Diseases** Vertebral osteoporosis. Lumbar/cervical disc herniation. Vertebral hemangioma. **Strictures** Tracheal stenosis. Gastrointestinal strictures, such as esophageal, gastric, and colonic strictures. Obstructive jaundice. **Hemorrhagic Diseases** Massive hemoptysis. Gastrointestinal bleeding. Massive nasal and maxillofacial bleeding. Liver, spleen, and kidney rupture bleeding. Pelvic bleeding. **Other Diseases** Cirrhotic portal hypertension (hypersplenism, esophagogastric variceal bleeding, refractory ascites). Tubal obstructive infertility, ectopic pregnancy, retained placenta, adenomyosis, and postpartum hemorrhage. Cysts: Hepatic, renal, pancreatic, and ovarian cysts. Retained metallic foreign bodies in deep soft tissues. **Outpatient Location:** Next to the entrance of the interventional operating room on the first floor of the Internal Medicine Building.