The Department of Urology at Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, is a key clinical specialty of Guangdong Province, a doctoral degree-granting program, and a postdoctoral research station. Together with the Department of Nephrology and the Department of Kidney Transplantation, it forms the Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology. The department undertakes the medical, teaching, and research responsibilities of urology. It handles nearly 80,000 outpatient visits annually and admits approximately 4,000 inpatients per year. Through years of effort, the Department of Urology has achieved significant progress and improvement in talent development, medical standards, research capabilities, teaching capacity, equipment, patient environment, and service philosophy. The discipline was ranked first in the South China region in the 2023 Fudan Edition of the "China Hospital Rankings" and was listed in the 2022 "China Urological Oncology Top 100" and the Top 10 in the South China region. **Medical Aspects:** The department features the following specialized diagnostic and therapeutic techniques: Da Vinci Fourth-Generation Xi Surgical Robot-Assisted Surgery, currently the most advanced surgical robot in the world, enabling various complex urological surgeries through minimally invasive approaches. Over 1,300 robotic surgeries have been completed, providing intelligent, precise, and minimally invasive surgical services to patients. Minimally invasive treatment of urological tumors via 3D laparoscopy, including radical nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy, radical cystectomy, radical prostatectomy, and adrenalectomy. Minimally invasive treatment of urinary stones, including percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopic (flexible and rigid) laser and pneumatic lithotripsy. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer using laser, transurethral resection, and enucleation techniques. Sacral neuromodulation (commonly known as "bladder pacemaker") for refractory voiding dysfunction, transvaginal urethral sling for female stress urinary incontinence, and laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery for bladder and vaginal prolapse. Comprehensive treatment of male infertility, particularly microsurgical and minimally invasive procedures such as microsurgical vasoepididymostomy, vasovasostomy, varicocelectomy, and seminal vesiculoscopy. Systematic and standardized treatment of male sexual dysfunction and chronic prostatitis. Repair and reconstructive surgery for urogenital system deformities. **Teaching Aspects:** The department is responsible for standardized residency training, as well as undergraduate, master's, eight-year clinical program, doctoral, and postdoctoral education. It has 6 doctoral supervisors and 9 master's supervisors. Since 2021, it has trained 96 doctoral students and 121 master's students. Many graduates have been recognized as Outstanding Graduates of Guangdong Province, Outstanding Postgraduates of Southern Medical University, and recipients of National Scholarships. Some students have also received the Annual Best Basic Research Paper Award in Mainland China and national funding for overseas study from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. **Research Aspects:** Since 2013, the department has secured 2 key projects from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, 23 general and youth projects (total funding approximately 14.514 million RMB), 39 provincial-level grants (approximately 4.14 million RMB), 5 municipal-level grants (1.45 million RMB), 2 projects from the Bethune Tumor Foundation (170,000 RMB), 4 postdoctoral grants (320,000 RMB), 4 Nanfang Hospital Outstanding Youth Cultivation Projects, and 9 Nanfang Hospital Dean's Fund projects. It has published approximately 200 SCI papers, with a single highest impact factor of 41.4. **Academic Influence:** The department has been recognized as a "Member Unit of the China Bladder Cancer Alliance," a "Prostate Cancer Integrated Diagnosis and Treatment Center and Prostate Biopsy Training Base" of the China Prostate Cancer Alliance, a "Da Vinci Surgical Robot China Urology Clinical Surgery Teaching Demonstration Center," a "Member of the TSC-AML Collaboration Group of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Urogenital Tumor Branch," the "South China Center for Big Data Research on Genetic Screening for Male Infertility in China," and a "Guangdong Provincial Urology Specialist Nurse Joint Training Base." The department serves as the lead unit for the Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of the Urology Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association and the chair unit for the Urological Laparoscopy Branch of the Guangdong Urogenital Association. It has consecutively hosted multiple large-scale academic events, including the Southern Urology Minimally Invasive and Oncology Summit Forum, the Southern Functional Urology Summit Forum, and the Annual Meeting of the Sexual Medicine Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association. It also organizes professional training programs such as the "Southern Urology Laparoscopic Technique Training Course," the "Southern Urology Elite Short-Term Training Course," and the "Nanfang Hospital Prostate Biopsy Technique Training Course." The department has a significant influence within and outside the province. It has established multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) for "Urological Tumors," "Pelvic Floor Functional Diseases," and "Adrenal Diseases," achieving advanced diagnostic and treatment capabilities for complex cases in the South China region. In summary, the discipline is characterized by standardization, specialization, and academic excellence. With the goal of saving patients' lives and improving their quality of life, it comprehensively applies new technologies such as robot-assisted surgery, minimally invasive techniques, endoscopy, and microsurgery to enhance diagnostic and treatment levels, dedicated to serving the public.