The Department of Respiratory Medicine at Shanghai Children's Medical Center is primarily engaged in clinical care, teaching, and research on respiratory system diseases in children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years. It houses the Pediatric Asthma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Pediatric Sleep Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Respiratory Endoscopy Center, Allergy and Desensitization Center, Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Nebulization Therapy Room, and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. The department has established subspecialties including pediatric asthma, chronic cough, allergy and immunology, infection and immunology, sleep disorders, airway stenosis, pulmonary function assessment, and rare and complex respiratory diseases, making it one of the most comprehensive teams in terms of subspecialty diversity in China. The scope of treatment includes systematic evaluation and biologic therapy for refractory asthma, precise assessment and systematic treatment for refractory pneumonia, diagnosis and management of congenital/acquired tracheobronchial stenosis in infants, with interventional minimally invasive techniques such as bronchoscopic cryotherapy, laser therapy, and balloon dilation, providing comprehensive medical treatment and management for various types of pediatric airway stenosis; sleep-disordered breathing across all pediatric age groups, particularly complex cases with underlying conditions such as neuromuscular diseases, genetic metabolic disorders, obesity, and craniofacial abnormalities, involving clinical evaluation and multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment, including pediatric polysomnography and non-invasive ventilator pressure titration; skin prick testing and desensitization therapy for common pediatric allergic diseases; rehabilitation therapy for functional respiratory diseases, including laryngopharyngeal reflux measurement, respiratory exercise training, and respiratory psychological therapy. The department leads the asthma project of the Shanghai Eastern Pediatric Medical Consortium, covering asthma management in the Pudong and Fengxian areas, establishing a demonstration base for tiered diagnosis and treatment of pediatric asthma, promoting the tiered diagnosis and treatment and internet+ management model nationwide, and developing industry standards and expert consensus for pediatric asthma and pulmonary function. It utilizes artificial intelligence technology to empower primary pediatric care. In the 2019 fifth season of the National Hospital Competition for Improving Medical Services (Urban Category) finals, it won the "Silver Award Case" for advancing tiered diagnosis and treatment system construction. In 2020, its intelligent recognition and device development for pediatric physiological sound auscultation received the highest honor at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference. The Department of Respiratory Medicine at Shanghai Children's Medical Center maintains synchronized development with international standards, maintaining close exchanges and collaborative relationships with pediatric respiratory departments in developed countries in Europe and the Americas, such as the renowned Comer Children's Hospital in Chicago, USA, Seattle Children's Hospital in the USA, University Children's Hospital Basel in Switzerland, and Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel. All subspecialty lead physicians have received mid- to long-term overseas professional training, hold international certifications as registered polysomnographic technologists, and are well-versed in the latest international developments and technologies in their fields, playing an outstanding role in the diagnosis and treatment of rare and complex cases.