I. Department Overview As one of the pioneering institutions in pulmonary function disciplines in China, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital established the "Cardiopulmonary Function Unit" in 1955 and an independent "Pulmonary Function Laboratory" in 1980. It took the lead in introducing a series of innovative technologies, including split pulmonary function testing and standardized pediatric pulmonary function examinations, and has consistently adhered to the standardization and innovation of pulmonary function techniques. The department holds a leading position in China in terms of the scale of pulmonary function diagnosis and treatment, as well as scientific research and teaching levels. II. Medical Features The department offers a comprehensive range of pulmonary function tests, including arterial blood gas analysis, routine spirometry, lung diffusion capacity, pulmonary capillary blood volume and membrane diffusion capacity measurement, airway resistance, body plethysmography, respiratory muscle strength testing, impulse oscillometry, bronchial provocation testing, and bronchodilation testing. It was the first in China to conduct specialized pulmonary function tests such as cardiopulmonary exercise testing, volumetric capnography, static cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing, providing clinicians with new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment. III. Workload Scale The department was the first in China to adopt an information management model for pulmonary function testing, maintaining a steady growth in workload over the long term. Currently, the annual workload has reached 330,000 patient visits, placing the testing scale and workload level among the top in the country. The Pulmonary Function Department is consistently dedicated to providing standardized and accurate test results and high-quality service experiences for patients and clinicians. IV. Talent Team Discipline Leader: Guo Jian, Chief Physician, Doctor of Medicine. Member of the Pulmonary Function Group (in preparation) of the Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association Deputy Head of the Pulmonary Function Group, Respiratory Disease Branch, Shanghai Medical Association Standing Committee Member of the Respiratory Branch, Chinese Research Hospital Association Member of the Respiratory Disease Branch, Chinese Geriatrics Society Member of the Pulmonary Function Equipment Group, Chinese Medical Equipment Association Member of the Lung Cancer Professional Committee, Shanghai Women Physicians Association Member of the Tumor Respiratory Disease Professional Committee, Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Yang Wenlan: Deputy Chief Physician. Member of the Respiratory Therapy Group, Respiratory Disease Branch, Chinese Medical Association; Standing Committee Member of the Pediatric Respiratory Function Professional Committee, China Primary Health Care Foundation; Member of the Respiratory Disease Branch, Chinese Geriatric Health Care Research Association. The Pulmonary Function Department also has 1 attending physician, 1 resident physician, 3 senior technologists, and 7 technologists. Among them, 6 are standardized training instructors for pulmonary function. The staffing and testing proficiency rank among the top in the national pulmonary function field. V. Scientific Research Achievements The Pulmonary Function Department has led and participated in multiple national and provincial-level projects. It is one of the 11 core research units in China for the "National Science and Technology Support Program" project, developing rehabilitation treatment strategies and individualized rehabilitation plans suitable for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China. The department has led one National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project and one Shanghai Natural Science Foundation General Project. It has published over 70 SCI papers related to pulmonary function and respiratory physiology, and more than 100 papers in domestic core journals. The department has contributed to the formulation of the "National Guidelines for Pulmonary Function Testing" and the translation and compilation of "Principles and Interpretation of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing." It has also participated in the drafting of dozens of guidelines or consensus documents, including the "Expert Consensus on Exhaled Nitric Oxide Testing Procedures and Clinical Applications (2025 Edition)," "Technical Specifications for Methacholine (Acetylcholine) Bronchial Provocation Testing (2023 Edition)," "Chinese Expert Consensus on the Principles, Quality Control, and Clinical Application of Portable Spirometers," "Technical Specifications for Pulmonary Function Testing: Impulse Oscillometry," "Shanghai Expert Consensus on Home Oxygen Therapy for Adult Chronic Lung Diseases," "Expert Consensus on Conducting Pulmonary Function Tests During the Prevention and Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic," and "Prevention of Cross-Infection in Pulmonary Function Testing During the Prevention and Control of COVID-19." The department has participated in 39 multicenter drug clinical trials, including 24 international multicenter drug clinical trials, and holds multiple patents. VI. Teaching The department serves as a national training base for pulmonary function fellows and graduate students. It is one of the first "National Pulmonary Function Testing Training Centers" and one of the first "PCCM Pulmonary Function Single-Specialty Training Bases." In 2016, the department collaborated for the first time with the National Pediatric Pulmonary Function Collaboration Group, opening a new chapter in standardized pediatric pulmonary function testing in China. In 2017, it was rated as an "Excellent National Pulmonary Function Testing Training Center." The department hosts the national continuing medical education program "Advanced Course on Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Physiology Technology," which is a highly influential premium training program in China. VII. Discipline Development Pulmonary function testing is an essential component for early screening, precise diagnosis, and rational medication use in chronic respiratory diseases. It holds significant clinical value in assessing disease severity, guiding medication, and evaluating treatment efficacy for chest, lung, and airway diseases. The department has conducted a series of mature studies on chronic disease pulmonary function management, focusing on the assessment and follow-up of pulmonary function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and interstitial lung diseases, as well as related cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. It is also a national leader in specialized pulmonary function research, such as the diagnostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing for pulmonary vascular diseases, assessment of disease severity and treatment efficacy, and prognosis prediction. The department has collaborated with thoracic surgery to establish a consensus on perioperative airway management and has developed comprehensive pulmonary function databases for chronic respiratory diseases, pulmonary vascular diseases, preoperative and postoperative assessments of thoracic surgery patients, and oncology patients.