The Department of Oncology was established in 1985 and is one of the early centers in China dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of thoracic tumors and multidisciplinary comprehensive therapy for lung cancer. After more than 30 years of effort, the department has developed into a modern research-oriented clinical department with strong technical capabilities, advanced equipment, comprehensive treatment modalities, and integration of clinical oncology, scientific research, and teaching. The Department of Oncology is currently a key clinical discipline of Shanghai's "Top Priority" program, a key clinical specialty in Shanghai, the lead unit of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission's Collaborative Innovation Cluster, a board member unit of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, the chair unit of the Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO), the Thoracic Tumor Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and the China East-West Lung Cancer Research Collaboration Group. It also serves as the supporting unit for the Cancer Research Institute of Tongji University School of Medicine. The department is led by Professor Zhou Caicun. It currently has 43 medical staff, including 8 senior professionals, 13 associate senior professionals, and over 70% holding doctoral degrees. The department has a total of 252 beds (4 general wards, 1 special needs ward, and 1 day ward). It has formed a well-structured, energetic, united, pragmatic, and progressive medical team composed of Shanghai Leading Talents, Shanghai Outstanding Academic Leaders, Shanghai Silver Snake Award winners, Shanghai Pujiang Talents, Shanghai Shuguang Talents, Shanghai Young Top-Notch Talents, and Shanghai Medical Rising Stars. The team consistently adheres to the principles of "people-oriented, patient-first," fully leveraging the team's medical expertise to provide patients with high-quality, efficient, and personalized medical services, achieving international and domestic advanced levels in the treatment efficacy and long-term survival rates of lung cancer patients.