The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine was established in 1963. Through the efforts of several generations, it has become a nationally renowned specialty with advanced diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. It is a National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Unit and one of the "Five Key Specialties" of Guangdong Province. It serves as the chair unit for the Guangdong Provincial Internal Medicine Society and the Respiratory Branch of the Guangdong Health Management Association. The department comprises Ward 1, Ward 2, Ward 3 (Medical Intensive Care Unit), Ward 4 (Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Interventional Therapy Center), and a Respiratory Specialty Outpatient Clinic. It has a total of 96 beds (including 16 ICU beds). The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine prioritizes clinical work, with key research and development directions including pleural diseases, airway inflammatory diseases, respiratory tumors, pulmonary infectious diseases, interventional pulmonology, respiratory critical care and respiratory support, and sleep-disordered breathing. The department boasts a team of highly educated, high-quality, and highly skilled medical professionals dedicated to healthcare. They have successfully rescued and cured countless patients from across the country, including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. As the primary department, it has also undertaken and excellently completed various high-level medical and healthcare tasks. The Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Interventional Therapy Center is equipped with advanced devices, routinely performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures such as pulmonary function tests, polysomnography, medical thoracoscopy with lung biopsy and treatment, autofluorescence bronchoscopy, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. Ward 3 is equipped with nationally advanced ICU monitoring and treatment equipment, enabling comprehensive monitoring, treatment, and rescue for common acute and critical medical conditions as well as various complex and difficult cases. The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine is a doctoral and master's degree granting site for Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Therapy, as well as a postdoctoral research station for Respiratory Medicine. It is a National Ministry of Health training base for specialist physicians (Respiratory Specialty). Currently, there are 2 doctoral supervisors and 6 master's supervisors. The department has well-established management and training systems for graduate students, visiting scholars, and trainee physicians. Regular departmental academic activities, difficult case discussions, and imaging review sessions are organized. The Diagnosis and Interventional Therapy Center possesses advanced bronchoscopy training models, ensuring the needs for various specialized skill training can be met. The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine is one of the National New Drug Clinical Trial Bases, accumulating extensive experience in clinical research and evaluation of pharmaceuticals over the years. As a characteristic specialty of the institution, the research findings of the pleural disease research team led by Professor Xie Canmao have been cited in multiple international guidelines or textbooks. In recent years, a series of achievements have been made in the research of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung tumors. The department has obtained over 10 research grants at national, provincial, ministerial, and university levels, edited or authored 6 academic monographs, published over 100 papers (including over 40 SCI-indexed papers abroad), and obtained 4 technical patents. The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine places great emphasis on talent development. The department currently has 4 Professors/Chief Physicians, 5 Associate Professors/Deputy Chief Physicians, 13 Attending Physicians/Lecturers, 9 Resident Physicians, and 3 Technicians. Among them, 15 hold doctoral degrees and 14 hold master's degrees. The department maintains long-term exchange and collaboration with clinical and related research institutions of several universities in the United States. Key academic members have all had overseas research or visiting scholar experience. Young and middle-aged physicians are selected annually for further study and training domestically and internationally. The department encourages medical staff to actively participate in presentations at various conferences and holds regular journal clubs for learning and exchanging new technologies and theories. **Discipline Leader:** Xie Canmao **Department Director:** Guo Yubiao **Deputy Department Directors:** Zhou Yanbin, Zeng Mian, Tang Kejing, Luo Yifeng **Senior Staff:** Xie Canmao, Zhou Yanbin, Guo Yubiao, Zeng Mian **Associate Senior Staff:** Tang Kejing, Huang Jianqiang, Liao Huai, Luo Yifeng, Yan Yingshuo