**Department Overview:** The predecessor of the Department of Microsurgery and Traumatic Orthopedics, the Department of Microsurgery, was established in 1978. It is one of the earliest departments in China to carry out microsurgery. It was granted the right to confer master's degrees in 1980, doctoral degrees in 1986, and became a key discipline of the postdoctoral research station in clinical medicine in 2000. It was renamed the Department of Microsurgery and Traumatic Orthopedics in 2005, expanding its scope to include traumatic orthopedics. In 2011, it was recognized as a National Key Clinical Specialty. Currently, the department has 24 staff members, including 12 medical staff, 4 senior consultants (Professors), 3 associate senior consultants (Associate Professors), 3 doctoral supervisors, 4 master's supervisors, and 5 members who have studied abroad in Europe or America for over one year. Under the leadership of the academic leader and department director, the department is striving to become an internationally renowned center for peripheral nerve injury repair, a nationally leading center for brachial plexus diagnosis and treatment, and a regional center for microsurgery diagnosis, treatment, research, and training in South China, with influence radiating to Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. **Clinical Work:** The main campus has 33 open beds, with nearly 1,000 inpatient surgeries annually. Patients come from 20 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, and Southeast Asian countries, giving the department a certain degree of influence domestically and internationally. Relying on core microsurgical techniques, the department's specialized services include: 1. Microsurgical repair and functional reconstruction of brachial plexus and peripheral nerve injuries; 2. Microsurgical treatment of spastic cerebral palsy; 3. Microsurgical repair and functional reconstruction of severe limb trauma, complex fractures, composite tissue defects, and deformities; 4. Minimally invasive treatment of limb bone trauma, microsurgical treatment of nonunion, bone defects, bone exposure, bone infection, and osteonecrosis; 5. Microsurgical repair and reconstruction of hand injuries, including replantation and reconstruction, free tissue transfer, wrist joint injuries, late functional reconstruction, etc.; 6. Microsurgical treatment of congenital or acquired hand and upper limb deformities, inflammation, tumors, etc.; 7. Microsurgical treatment of lymphedema, chyluria, etc.; 8. Arteriovenous fistula creation for hemodialysis patients; 9. Endoscope-assisted soft tissue surgeries on limb nerves and muscles. **Scientific Research:** The department has undertaken 2 projects under the National "863" Program, 12 projects under the National Natural Science Foundation of China, 25 other provincial and ministerial-level projects, and 15 projects at the departmental and bureau levels, with total research funding of nearly 10 million RMB. It has received 1 award from the Ministry of Education for Scientific and Technological Progress, 1 award from the Ministry of Health for Scientific and Technological Progress, 5 awards from Guangdong Province for Scientific and Technological Progress, 4 awards from Guangdong Province for Medical and Health Scientific and Technological Progress, 4 invention patents, and 5 utility model patents. It has developed the world's second peripheral nerve repair material, "Shenqiao" (Nerve Bridge). **Personnel Training:** The department has trained 3 postdoctoral fellows, 49 doctoral students, 60 master's students, and 2 domestic visiting scholars. It annually recruits 4-6 doctors and 3-4 nurses for advanced training. **Academic Leader:** Liu Xiaolin, Professor, Chief Physician, Doctoral Supervisor, Vice President of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Chairman of the Microsurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Editor-in-Chief of the *Chinese Journal of Microsurgery*, Editorial Board Member of *Microsurgery*, Principal Investigator of the Major Project of the 11th Five-Year "863 Program". **Department Director:** Gu Liqiang, Professor, Chief Physician, Doctoral Supervisor, Standing Committee Member of the Microsurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Standing Committee Member of the Hand Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Vice Chairman of the Traumatic Orthopedics Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Vice Chairman of the Chinese Society of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, Chairman of the Microsurgery Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the *Chinese Journal of Microsurgery*. **Deputy Director:** Zhu Qingtang, Chief Physician, Master's Supervisor, Secretary of the Microsurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Vice Chairman of the Youth Committee, Vice Chairman of the Hand Surgery Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association, Editorial Board Member of the *Chinese Journal of Microsurgery*. **Senior Consultants (Professors):** Zhu Qingtang, Liu Xiaolin, Gu Liqiang **Associate Senior Consultants (Associate Professors):** Qi Jian, Li Ping, Wang Dong, Wang Honggang, Xiang Jianping