**Basic Information:** The Department of Andrology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University was officially approved as an independent, emerging, and interdisciplinary specialty in October 2016. It serves as the supporting unit for the China Andrology Physician Training Base (Guangdong). It is also the chair unit for the Andrology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Andrology Branch of the Guangdong Medical Association, the Male Health Committee of the Guangdong Health Management Association, the Andrology Branch of the Guangdong Clinical Medical Association, and the China Andrology Physician Training Base. The department is a co-editor unit for the "Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Andrological Diseases" (2013, 2016, and 2021 editions). It has developed into a specialized andrology medical center integrating clinical care, teaching, and research, maintaining long-term, stable collaborations with the University of California, San Francisco, Wake Forest University, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Baylor College of Medicine, and the University of Oxford. The andrology outpatient service includes a specialized andrology clinic, a professor's clinic (Building 1), and a Special Needs and Male Health Management Clinic (Building 5). Additionally, a specialized male health management clinic and a professor's clinic are established within the Male Health Management Center (Building 6). **Clinical Work:** The Andrology Outpatient Clinic, Special Needs and Male Health Management Clinic are among the hospital's distinctive clinics. They attract a large number of patients from within the province, other provinces, and Southeast Asia, particularly for the evaluation and management of advanced-age and complex male infertility, diagnosis and treatment of azoospermia, management and treatment of complex prostate diseases, comprehensive prevention and treatment of male sexual dysfunction, and male external genitalia reconstruction. The andrology ward admits patients with various complex and severe andrological conditions. In recent years, the department has pioneered several leading diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in China, such as transurethral incision of the ejaculatory duct orifice, microsurgical vasovasostomy and vasoepididymostomy, microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord for chronic testicular pain, seminal vesiculoscopy, scrotoscopy, various surgical treatments for varicocele, penile prosthesis implantation, male genital reconstructive surgery, transurethral resection of the prostate, and laparoscopic and robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. The research, development, and clinical application of a series of new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of azoospermia were awarded the Second Prize of the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award in 2014 and the First Prize of the Guangdong Provincial Eugenics and Reproductive Health Technology Progress Award in 2016. Clinical research findings related to new technologies for the early diagnosis of sexual dysfunction and their role in early warning for overall male health have enriched the evidence base for chronic disease management of erectile dysfunction (ED) and have been incorporated into the Chinese guidelines for ED diagnosis and treatment. **Main Diseases Diagnosed and Treated in the Specialized Andrology Clinic:** **I. Male Sexual Dysfunction** Includes: Erectile Dysfunction (commonly known as impotence), Priapism, Ejaculatory Dysfunction (premature ejaculation, delayed ejaculation or anejaculation, retrograde ejaculation, frequent nocturnal emissions, weak ejaculation, etc.), Hematospermia/Hematuria, and Libido Disorders (hypoactive or hyperactive sexual desire). **II. Male Infertility** Includes: Oligospermia, asthenospermia, teratozoospermia from various causes; Azoospermia; Cryptozoospermia; Poor semen liquefaction; Analysis of male factors in recurrent spontaneous abortion; Pre-marital/pre-conception male fertility assessment. The department has extensive experience, particularly in minimally invasive and microsurgical treatment for azoospermia. **III. Prostate and Seminal Vesicle Diseases** (Prostatitis, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Prostate Cancer, Seminal Vesiculitis and Tumors, Seminal Vesicle Hypoplasia, etc.) **IV. Male External Genital Diseases** 1. **Penile Diseases:** Phimosis, Redundant Prepuce, Congenital Penile Curvature, Concealed Penis, Micropenis, Hypospadias and other congenital anomalies; Disorders of Sex Development; Peyronie's Disease; Penile Trauma; Balanoposthitis; Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans; Penile Cancer, etc. 2. **Scrotal Diseases:** Scrotal Developmental Anomalies; Cryptorchidism; Microorchidism; Hydrocele Testis; Vas Deferens Hypoplasia/Agenesis; Scrotal Trauma; Epididymitis/Orchitis, Tuberculosis, Torsion; Testicular/Appendage Torsion; Testicular Microlithiasis; Chronic Testicular Pain; Testicular Tumors; Extramammary Paget's Disease of the Scrotum, etc. 3. **Spermatic Cord Diseases:** Varicocele; Spermatic Cord Cyst; (Communicating) Hydrocele of the Spermatic Cord (Testis); Spermatic Cord Tumors, etc. **V. Male Endocrine Diseases** e.g., Hypogonadism: Klinefelter Syndrome; Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (IHH); Kallmann Syndrome. Main manifestations include poor development of secondary sexual characteristics and external genitalia; Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male (ADAM), commonly known as Male Menopause Syndrome; Abnormal Pubertal Development; Male Hyperprolactinemia, etc. **VI. Male Health Management** Fertility Assessment and Guidance for Eugenic and Healthy Birth; Health Management for Middle-aged and Elderly Men; Personalized Diagnosis, Treatment, and Standardized Management of Prostate Diseases; Adolescent Reproductive Health Guidance; Cutting-edge research such as Stem Cell Therapy for Male Diseases. **VII. Others** e.g., Male Pelvic Floor Disorders; Sexual Dysfunction Post-Trauma or Post-Pelvic Surgery; Male Sexually Transmitted Infections, etc. **Teaching and Personnel Training:** As the supporting unit for the China Andrology Physician Training Base (Guangdong), the department trains over 10 master's and doctoral students, as well as visiting physicians annually. These trainees gradually become core andrology specialists in their respective hospitals. Additionally, the department regularly hosts annual events such as the "Zhongshan Yixian Andrology Forum," "Andrology Progress Update Course," "Reproductive Andrology Workshop," and "Microsurgical and Minimally Invasive Andrology Surgery Workshop," inviting renowned domestic and international experts for lectures and discussions. **Research Activities:** **Main Research Directions:** Pathogenesis of male infertility and novel diagnostic/therapeutic methods; Early diagnosis of sexual dysfunction and early warning for overall health; Pathogenesis of prostate diseases and novel diagnostic/therapeutic methods; Clinical translation of stem cell therapy for andrological diseases. In the past five years, the department has undertaken over 20 research grants at various levels, including the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Major Projects of Scientific and Technological Innovation, with total funding exceeding 20 million RMB. Over 200 papers have been published in domestic and international journals, with more than 50 indexed in SCI. The department has led the compilation of industry standard documents including the "Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Andrological Diseases," "Chinese Expert Consensus on Varicocele," and "Manual for the Treatment of Male Hypogonadism," as well as 10 monographs such as "Operative Andrology," "Microsurgical Andrology," "Varicocele and Male Infertility," and "Rare and Uncommon Diseases in Urology and Andrology." The department has received one Second Prize of the Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award, one First Prize of the Guangdong Provincial Eugenics and Reproductive Health Technology Progress Award, and three national patents. **Domestic and International Academic Exchange and Collaboration:** The department maintains long-term, stable collaborations with the Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province) at Sun Yat-sen University, the State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol at the School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, the Institute of Orthopedics (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, the University of California, Los Angeles, Weill Cornell Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and Harvard Medical School. Research directions include basic research and clinical translation of stem cell therapy for andrological diseases, molecular mechanisms of male infertility and novel diagnostic/therapeutic methods, male sexual dysfunction, prostate diseases, and assisted reproductive technology.