The Department of Infectious Diseases of Renji Hospital was established in November 2004. The ward building was completed on January 5, 2022. It is a standalone building with 5 floors above ground and 1 floor underground, with a total construction area of 5,000 square meters. After the trials of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Department of Infectious Diseases of Renji Hospital has gradually grown into a core force in infection prevention and control, establishing a medical team and talent echelon, including 1 chief physician, 2 associate chief physicians, 1 associate researcher, among whom 2 are master's supervisors, 4 attending physicians, and 5 resident physicians. Adhering to the development philosophy of "cultivating Renji sentiment, seeking truth, innovation, and progress," the department has gradually formed a clinical specialty in infections in immunocompromised patients and has rich experience in critical infections such as multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, gut-derived infections, and complex pulmonary infections. As a demonstration treatment center for infectious diseases in Pudong New Area, it has 10 negative-pressure isolation rooms and is equipped with ventilators, high-flow oxygen therapy devices, fiberoptic bronchoscopes, blood purification equipment, ECMO, and intra-aortic balloon pumps and other medical equipment to meet the treatment needs of critically ill patients. The fever clinic is located on the first floor of the infectious disease building, with 3 independent consultation rooms and separate registration, laboratory testing, CT examination, and pharmacy services, providing one-stop service for febrile patients. The Department of Infectious Diseases has established a Microbiota Diagnosis and Treatment Center, using fecal microbiota transplantation as a key approach to standardize the treatment of refractory Clostridioides difficile infection and conduct clinical research on diseases such as refractory diarrhea, constipation, radiation enteritis, malnutrition, and hepatic encephalopathy.