The Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Renji Hospital was established in 1949. It is a National Drug Clinical Research Base (Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Specialty), a Shanghai Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Resident Standardized Training Base, and a member unit of the Shanghai Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Quality Control Center. It is also the deputy director unit of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, the deputy director unit of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Otorhinolaryngology and the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Institute of Otology, a standing committee member unit of the Otorhinolaryngology Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the vice president unit of the Otorhinolaryngology Branch of the Shanghai Medical Doctor Association, and the head unit of the Head and Neck Group, the head unit of the Rhinology Group, and the head unit of the Voice Group of the Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Branch of the Shanghai Medical Association. At present, it maintains regular academic exchanges with Johns Hopkins Hospital in the United States, the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania in the United States, Temple University Hospital in the United States, the College of Health and Science at Portland State University in Oregon in the United States, and Paris Diderot University in France. The successive directors of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology are: Mao Chengyue, He Yongzhao, Jin Ximing, Zhao Jiyu, Wang Jiayu, Zhou Liang, Wang Jiadong, and Li Jiping. The Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Renji Hospital has strong clinical strength, and its outpatient and emergency volume and surgical volume are among the leading ranks of comprehensive hospitals in China. In 1965, the department took the lead in carrying out large tympanic type III surgery in China; in the 1960s, it published China's first audiology monograph, "Introduction to Audiology"; since the 1980s, it has carried out the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; in 1990, it successfully performed the first acoustic neuroma resection; in 1991, it took the lead in China in carrying out cricohyoidoepiglottopexy for the treatment of laryngeal cancer, and the related results won the third prize of the Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award; since 1990, it has carried out thyroid and parathyroid surgery, and at the same time, carried out surgery for parotid gland and submandibular gland tumors and tongue cancer; since 1991, it was among the earlier institutions in China to carry out functional endoscopic sinus surgery, bringing the concepts of minimally invasive, refined, and nasal cavity function-preserving treatment into the field of nasal disease treatment, and continuously expanding endoscopy surgery related to the nose and eye and the nose and skull base. The department carries out the diagnosis and treatment of severe diseases such as otorhinolaryngologic tumors, and performs various surgeries for advanced laryngeal cancer, tonsillar cancer, nasal cavity and skull base tumors, and others. At the same time, it continuously standardizes and optimizes minimally invasive surgery, forming diagnosis and treatment teams for minimally invasive surgery of pharyngeal and laryngeal tumors, endoscopic sinus surgery, and endoscopic middle ear surgery. Since 2013, the department has taken the lead in China in carrying out day surgery and day-return surgery in otorhinolaryngology, shortening patients' hospital stay as much as possible while ensuring medical quality, and achieving a good social response. Through the unremitting efforts of several generations, the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Renji Hospital has established a discipline development platform featuring minimally invasive surgery for nasal diseases and nasal skull base diseases, with multiple sub-specialties advancing together, including endoscopic ear surgery, endoscopic pharyngeal and laryngeal surgery, sleep apnea syndrome, allergic nasal diseases, vertigo diseases, audiological diseases, and otorhinolaryngologic tumors. Adhering to the service philosophy of "everything centered on patients," the discipline began establishing a multidisciplinary team diagnosis and treatment model for otorhinolaryngologic tumors relatively early in China, greatly improving the quality of life and survival rate of patients with intermediate and advanced tumors. The department has successively undertaken multiple projects including those funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission, the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, and the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, and has won the Ministry of Health Science and Technology Progress Award, the Ministry of Education Science and Technology Achievement Award, the Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award, and the Shanghai Medical Science and Technology Award. The department regularly holds academic activities such as the "New Theories and Advances in Minimally Invasive Surgery in Otorhinolaryngology Training Course," the "Renji Rhinology Forum," and the "Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Skills Training Course." In the past ten years, it has held a series of science popularization and free clinic activities every year such as "Love Your Nose Day," "Ear Care Day," "Voice Day," and "Sleep Day." It has published more than 10 monographs and completed one Ministry of Health audio-visual teaching material for otorhinolaryngology.